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The Journal of The Korea Institute of Intelligent Transport Systems Vol.24 No.6 pp.257-274
실시간 다중운집 모니터링 시스템을 위한 다방향 군중 흐름 시뮬레이션 모델 개발
The Development of a Multi-directional Crowd Flow Simulation Model for Real-time Crowd Monitoring System
Abstract
Following the crowd collapse that occurred in Itaewon in October 2022, awareness of the importance of crowd management has increased worldwide. However, systems capable of predicting crowd density and movement paths in real time at large outdoor gatherings remain insufficient. To simulate crowd behavior, previous studies have primarily employed agent-based models (ABM), which can represent detailed interactions among individual pedestrians, and social force models (SFM), which consider physical forces and social influences. Nonetheless, these approaches suffer from rapidly increasing computational costs as the number of agents grows, which limits their applicability to real-time environments. Accordingly, this study proposes a multi-directional pedestrian simulation model based on the Cell Transmission Model (CTM). Starting from a un-directional pedestrian CTM, the model was progressively extended to bi-directional and multi-directional structures. Test network–based experiments were conducted to verify the implementation feasibility and operational characteristics of the proposed model. As a result, no structural errors such as duplicated cell references were observed, and crowd congestion patterns characterized by gradual cell saturation over time were identified.
